The Form Contract Act 1982 defines a series of withdrawal conditions that may be waived by a court, including an inappropriate exclusion or limitation of liability, inappropriate privileges to unilaterally terminate, suspend or defer the performance of the contract and change the basic fees or prices, transfer of responsibility for the performance of the contract to a third party , an unreasonable obligation to use the services of a third party or to limit the choice of third parties, refusal of recourse, unjustified restrictions on contractual remedies or setting inappropriate conditions for the performance of the appeal, denial or limitation of the right to judicial proceedings, the exclusive right to rule on the place of proceedings or arbitration, mandatory arbitration with unilateral control over arbitrators or the place of arbitration evidence against the common law. The law also establishes a standard of short contract form, under the chairmanship of a district judge, and consists of a maximum of 12 members appointed by the Minister of Justice, including a current president (including a district judge), civil servants (no more than one-third) and at least two representatives of consumer organizations. The Tribunal holds hearings on complaints against standard contractual clauses or on the approval of a standard form contract given at the request of a supplier. Section 3 of the Abusive Terms of Contract Act 1977 limits the ability of the author of consumer or model contracts to design clauses that would allow him to exclude liability in a so-called exclusion clause – the law does not in itself make ineffective provisions in other areas that appear « unfair » to the layperson. If a contract is negotiated, the provisions of the act would probably not apply – the law protects against many things, but openly making a bad deal is not one of them. Standard form contracts are generally applicable in the United States. The uniform trade code, which is respected in most U.S. states, contains specific provisions for standard contracts for the sale or leasing of goods. In addition, standard form contracts are subject to special review if they are found to be warranty contracts. A standard form contract (sometimes called a warranty contract, Leonine contract, take-it-or-leave-it or modular contract) is a contract between two parties in which the terms of the contract are set by one of the parties and the other party is little or no able to negotiate more favourable terms and is thus put in a position of « take or leave ».